Lathe



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. LODGE.

LATHE.

No) 522,607. Paten ted July 10, 1894.

@WiiilyGSSQS: Inventor- .0. MAM 3 a fifl/ 1 w. Ettorney r4: nouns vzrznsIn. PMOTOUTHOK,-WWBI-$.

(No Model v 5 Sheets-Sheet s.

W. LODGE.

LATHE- No. 52Z,607. Patented July 10, 1894.

Witnesses Inventor Attorney r 5 Sheets-Sheet 4. W. LODGE.

LATHE (No Model.)

No. 522,607. Patented July 10, 1894.

Witnesses: 4 w S Inventor j w I M: 0; *1 M Attorney (No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 5.

W. LODGE.

LATHE,

No. 522,607. Patented July 10,1894.

M n" WM ill/1M1 z LIZ.

Witnssesr Inventor GWfl/W- Attorney NITED' STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM LODGE, or CINCINNATI," OHIO.

, LAT'H E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 522,607, dated July 10,1894. Application filed June 6,1892. Serial K00135 714. (NoinodeL) Toall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM LODGE, of Oincinnati,l-Iamilton county,Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lathes, ofwhich thefollowing is a specification.

: This invention pertains to improvements in metal working lathes, andthe improvementsare designed to increase the accuracy of the workproduced and to increase the ra: pidity of production, the lathe beingdesigned for general'boriug and turning within its limits.

My improvements will be readily understood from the followingdescription, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure, .1 is a front elevation of a lathe exemplifying mypresent invention, the arborbearing appearing in vertical section, planeof linefof Figs. 2, 3 and 4:; Fig.2, a plan of the machine, thetail-stock appearing in horizontal section,'in the plane of line of'Figs. 1 and 4, and the rear main tool-holding bolts J appearing inhorizontal section in the plane of line a of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, an endelevation at the head-stock end of the machine; Fig. 4, an

end elevation at the tail-stock end of the ma-' chine, a part of thereartool rest appearing in vertical section in the plane of line e,-Figs. 1and 2; Fig. 5, an end elevation at the head end of the rear rail,showinglhe rear saddle,

part broken away, in connection with its crossfeed screw andtaper-turning mechanism, the former-plate appearing'in vertical sectionin the plane of line 1), Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 6, a plan of thetail-slide; and Fig; 7, a vertical transverse section of a portion ofthe bed, in the plane of line b, Fig. 1, showing the setting-rest. Figs.5, 6 and 7 are upon an enlarged scale. The lines indicating the planesof sections will be found on all of the figures so far as applicable. I

In the drawings, referring to Fig. 1 as far as possiblei-l, indicatesthebed of the lathe, having 5 the usual rectangular plan: 2, thehead-stock projecting upward from the head end thereof and. castintegrally therewith: 3, the tail-stock projecting upward from the tailendof the bed and cast integrally with it: 4, bracketsprojectingoutwardly from the front and rear sides of the bed for thesupport of the rails on which the tool-carriages slide: 5, the frontrail, integrally cast with the bed and with the brackets which supportit, this rail forming a rigid slide-way parallel with the axis ofthelathe for supporting and guiding the front tool-carriage; 6, (Fig. 2)asimilar rail structure at the rear of the bed: 7, the main arbor,journaled in the head-stock, and bored lengthwise, andprojectingoutwardly through its bearing and having this projection threaded: 8, anut screwed upon this threaded projection of the arbor and serving asthe adjustable outer collar for the arbor, this nut having its exteriorformed into a cone pulley, for feeding purposes, the term cone pulleybeing used as ordinarily applied to stepped cone pulleys: 9, alock-nut'screwed upon the outer projection of the arbor outside the nut8: 10, a radial set-screw in nut 8 to serve as a means for locking thenut in adjusted position of rotation upon the arbor, this setscrew,however, not going clear down to the arbor: ;11, a plug disposedbetween' the arbor and the inner end of the set-screw 10' and serving toprevent the end of the set-screw from marring the threads of the arbor:12, a taper at the inner endof the bore of the arbor, to receive thetapered ends of mandrels, this lathe being designed to carry its workeithertin chucks or on firmly held mandrels instead of on centers: 13, ascrew bearing in the lock-nut 9 and projecting into the bore of thearbor-and adapted to engage a tapped hole in a mandrel held in the tapersocket of the arbor: 14:, the end of an exemplifying mandrel held in thetaper socket of the arbor and drawn-tightly home by the screw 13: 15, achuck screwed upon the nose of the arbor and presenting an annular facetoward the tail-stock: 16, an annular T-slot in the face of the chuck:17, bolts in this T-slot to serve inclamping work against the face ofthe chuck: 18, a spur-gear fast on the arbor: 19, an intermediate shaftmountedv in bearings on the head-stock parallel tothe axis of and nearspur-gear 18:20, .a pinion fast on this shaft and engaging spur-gear 18:21, a spur-gear fast on this shaft: 22, a drivingshaft carried-inbearings at the front of the bed and extending the whole length of andprojecting beyond each end of the bed: 23, driving-cone, fast upon thisdriving-shaft,

this cone-pulley being the main pulley of the lathe, to be driven bybelt from counter-shaft as usual: 24, a spur-gear splined todrivingshaft 22, at the head-stock, and adapted to be slid intoengagement with pinion 74 fast on the intermediate shaft 19: 25, apinion fast with spur-gear 24 and sliding with it, this pinion beingadapted to be slid into engagement with spur-gear 21, the arrangementbeing such that when these sliding parts are moved to the left, asshown, the transmission from the driving-shaft to the intermediate shaftwill be through gearing 24 and 74, giving high speed to the arbor,andwhen the sliding parts are moved to the right the transmission willbe through gearing 25 and 21, givingslow motion and great power to thearbar: 26, alever to serve in shifting the slidingpinion andgear: 27,the saddles, one slidin g; oneach rail, these saddles being providedwith the usual cross dove-tails 75 on which the: tool-rests may slide:28, the usual toolrests arranged to slide transversely upon the saddles,the inner ends of these rests form,- ing fiat bases with circularT-slots, precisely the same as is customary in connection with thebaseportion of compound tool-rests for lathes: 29, the usual cross-feedscrews, journaled in the tool-rests 28 and engaging nuts in thesaddles,the arrangement of the nuts, however, being peculiar, as hereinafter tobe explained: 30, longitudinal feed-screws, one in each rail, andserving to give longitudinal feed motion to the saddles: 31, a worm gearloose at the tail end of each of these rail screws and arranged to belocked to their screws by the usual friction devices: 32, ordinaryfriction clamping devices, to serve as meansby which. the

worm-wheels 31 may be locked to or unlocked from their screws: 33, ashaft extending across and through the bed under the worm-wheels 31-andhaving fast upon each end a worm 76 to give motion to the worm-wheels:34, (Fig. 2) aipair of bevel gears united and fastened to each other andsplined to the cross-shaft 33, within the hollow of the tail-stock: 35,a shaft journaled in the tail-stock parallel with the axis of the latheand 011 a level with crossshaft 33: 36, a bevel-gear on the inner end ofshaft 35, adapted to be engaged by either bevel-gear 34 according towhich way the sliding bevel-gears are shifted: 37, a cone-pulley on theouter end of shaft 35: 38, a con e-pulley onthe tail end ofdriving-shaft 22, in line with pulley 37 and serving to transmit motionby belt to shaft 35: 39, a shifting-lever for moving the pair of gears34 on their shaftso that whichever gear desired may engage with gear 36,the selected gear determining the direction of motionof the rail screwsand, consequently, the direction of feed for the saddles: (Fig. 2) afeed-shaft mounted upon the back 'ofthe bed: 41, acone-pulley fast onthe head endof this shaft to permit shaft 40 to be driven by belt fromthe cone-pulley 8 on the arbor: 42, a pulley fast on the tail end ofshaft=40z 43, the tail-slide, sliding longitudinally in the top of thetail-stock, and having its top surface in the form of a flattened V orgutter below the axis of the lathe, each of the V surfaces beingprovided with a T-slot 77 extending the length of the slide; see Fig.

6: 44, a feed-shaft journaled across the tailstock and providedwith apinion meshing with the rack on tail-slide 43, see Fig. 2, so that byturning the shaft the slide may be moved or fed endwise: 45, a worm-gearloose on this shaft: 46, a friction-gri p device on the shaft, like thearrangement on the rail-screws, for engaging and disengaging the shaftto and from the Worm-wheel: 47, a hand-wheel on this shaft to serve inturning the shaft by hand when the feed is disengaged, a removable crankbeingused for similar purpose in connection withthe rail-screws: 48, theworm for giving motion to worm-wheel 49, a spur-gear fast on the shaftof this worm: 50,

an arm swinging on the bearing of the shaft of the tightening of thefeed belt: 53, (see Figs.4 and 6) a bushing-holder bolted to the tailslide and having a bore in the axial line of the lathe, this holderbeing adapted to re- :ceive various sized bushings for the support ofthe tail end of: mandrels being employed or to support work beingoperated upon by the tool or tools of the tail-slide: 54, a toolblockbolted on the front uppersurface of the tail-slide: 55, the bolt whichsecures this tool-block to the tail-slide by engaging the front slot oftheslide: 56, the tail-tool, supported in the tool-block and presentingits cutting end toward the axis of the lathe, the outer end of the toolhaving an upward project-ion: 57, a clamp engaging over the tool 56 andheld down by the, same bolt i that bolts the tool-block to thetail-slide: 58, a rigid portion of the tool-block, projecting over thetool, outwardly beyond the clamp: 59, a setscrew screwed into the outersurface of this rigid portion and impinging with its head against theupward projection at the heel of the tool: 60, a set-screw screwedinwardly through an upwardly projecting portion at the outer end oftool-block 54, its point impinging against the heel of: the tool,set-screws 59 and 60 thus serving in adjusting the tool in and out: 61,a steady block bolted to the rear upper surfaceof the tail-slide andpresentingat its inner end a V adapted to engage the surface of workbeing operated upon bythe tool 56, this steady-block having a slottedbolt hole so that it maybe adjusted to and from the work: 62,,(Fig. 1) alongitudinal T-slot in the outer face of each of the railsr63,former-plates bolted in these ITO slots against the faces of therails,the formportion consisting of a horizontal member having a longitudinalslot of a form suited to the contour to be produced upon the work by theaction of thecutting tools carried by the saddles, it being understood,however, that the-form of the slot is to be the reverse of the desiredpath for the tool guided by it: 64, (Fig. 5) the saddle nuts of thecross-feed screws 29, these nuts, instead of being fixed to the saddles,being capable of in and out motion therein, but incapable of rotation,the nuts being carried in slots in the saddles: 65, alever, one at eachsaddle, pivoted to the saddle and provided at its lower end with a pinor roller engaging the slot of the former-plate, the contour of the pinor rollerbeing such as to permit of the oscillating motion of the leverunder the influence of the form slot, the upper end of thelever beingprovided witha segment of teeth engaginga rack formed on the nut of thecross-feed screw, the arrangement being obviously such that as thesaddle moves along the rail the lower end of the lever will move inorout according to the form of the slot and thus cause the cross-feedscrew and the tool rest to move in or out, thus causing the turningtools to produce contours the reverse of the form slots: 66, pin holesthrough levers 'and the saddle portions which support the levers, theinsertion of pins in these holes serving to lock the levers 65 fast whenthe lathe is to be used without the form plates,

the elfect of the pin being to lock the nuts 64 against motion in thesaddles: 67, a turret mounted for rotation on each of the tool-restsv28, on 'a vertical axis, like the-upper portion of an ordinary compoundrest; 68, (Fig. 2) two boltspassing vertically through each ofvtheiturrets, and arranged diametrically oppo-v site each other in theturrets, the heads at the lower ends of these bolts engaging the annu-wlar T-slots in the tool-rests: 69, clamp plates upon each of thesebolts: 70, the turret-tools,

a pair for each turret, the pair of tools strad-. dling the bolts andbeing clamped to placeby the bolts, the bolts at the same time-servingin clamping the turrets to the tool-rests, the two toolsof apair beingreversed, so that the cutting end of, one tool and the heel of the othertool project in-the same direction, the cutting ends however projectingout: wardly beyond theheels: 71 (Figs. 2 and 7),

. a 'cross-girt extending across the bed, in-

wardly beyond the face of the chuck, and some (distance below the lowestplane swept by a radius representing the swing of the lathe, this girtbeing cast with the bed and having ayertical socket, vertically beneaththe axis of the lathe: 72, a shank vertically adjustable in this socket,and clamped therein, as by a set screw, the upper end ofthis shank beingjawed lengthwise of the lathe: 73, a

rest-piece sliding endwise in the jaws of the V shank: 74, (Fig. l) thepinion previously re-, ferred to as engaging gear 24: 75, the dovetailedcross-slide ways of the saddles, previously referred to: 7 6,'the wormspreviously referred to as engaging worm-wheels 31 on the rail screws:77, the T-slots of the tailslide, previously referred to.

The very peculiar form of the main framing of the lathe gives the lathea stiffness and renders iticapable of superior steadiness in action andrenders possible the taking of heavier cuts than other'forms haverendered consistent with accuracy. For, heavy work the arbor will bedriven through the slow motion gearing, and for lightv work, or for the.

polishing of large work, the quick motion gearing may be readily broughtinto action.

The chuck is adapted especially for pulleys and other armed structuresand the clamping bolt 17 may be readily adjusted around the chuck tosuit the position of the arms to be clamped. Plug 11 has its inner endthreaded to fit the threads of the arbor. The hole for set-screw 10 isfirst drilled in the collar 8 and plug 10 is driven tightly into thehole. The collar is then bored and threaded, thus also threading theinner end of the plug. The plug is then driven out and the hole tappedthe proper depth for theset screw, and the pl'ugis slightly reduced insize so as to be free in the hole.

When work is to be finished upon a mandrel, the mandrel is held inthetaper socket of the arbor and its tail end may run in a bushing carriedin the bushing-holder of the tail-slide, thus giving a stability notobtainable when the work is carried on centers. Bolto13 draws themandrel tightly into the socket andmay serve as means. for knocking themandrel out of the socket, in an obvious manner.

For straight work to be done by carriage tools, the pins are used inholes 66, and the form-plates 63 are removed. Form-plates with difierentguide-slots may be applied as needed.

One tool of a turret may be used, and then the turret may beturnedaround and the opposite end of the other tool employed, the two tools ofa pair being difierent, as, for instance, one a roughing tool and theother a finishing tool. As the work revolves in the usual direction, itis obvious'that the thrust is upward upon the tool of the rear carriage,and it will be observed that the tool clamping are rangement is suchthat one of bolts 68 which meets the strain is brought extremely closeto the work. -In previous constructions of lathes the disposition ofjoints andbolts has been such as to make the taking of heavy cutsinconsistent with accuracy of production.

With the bevel gears in the position shown .in Fig. 2 there will be nomot-ion of shaft 33..

ently by the friction devices 32, and shifting lever 39 may be employedto install or arrest both rail feeds simultaneously, while frictiondevices 32 are in active engagement. The rate of rail feeds may bealtered by shifting the belt 011 cones 38 and 37. The rate of thetailslide feed may be altered at cones 8 and 41.

For work on shafts and such like pieces, the work is to be held insuitable chuck substituted for the chuck shown. The work slides througha proper bushing carried in the bushing-holder and is operated upon bytool 56, or a series of similarly arranged tools, and steadied at theback by steadyblock 61, the feed being produced by the movement of thetail-slide, the entire arrangement at the tail-slide constituting, ineffect, a massive box-tool.

Work like pulleys and gears, may, if desired, be simultaneously turnedand bored. While being turned the work may be bored by a suitable boringbar with one end supported in the bore of the arbor and the other endheld in the bushing-holder of the tailslide.

When the lathe is to operate on quite a number of pieces, like pulleys,for instance, of the same size, the rest-piece 73 will be foundextremely useful in assisting in the chucking operation. The firstpulley of the lot having been chucked central, the restpiece 73 may beadjusted to have a fair bearing below the pulley and this adjustment maybe retained for the lot of pulleys, the rest piece serving to supportthe pulley in fairly central position while being chucked. After apulley has been chucked, the rest-piece 73 may he slid to the right outfrom under the pulley so as not to be rubbed by irregularities of thepulley.

Two tools may be fixed in one of the turrets with their, cutting endspointing opposite, the cutting end of one tool projecting beyond theheel of the other tool. One tool may be a roughing tool and the other afinishing tool, and after the first has been used, the turret may beturned to bring the other one into position for action. Or, the twotools of a pair may be of any similar or diverse character called for bythe requirements of the work. Or, both tools may be double ended,thatis, a cutting end at each end of each tool, thus permitting fourcutting tools to be brought successively into action by suitably turningthe turret and moving the tools endwise so that the active one willproject beyond the inactive one. Where many pieces of work, like gearblanks, are to be faced on both edges of the rim and to uniformthickness, the two turret tools may have their cutting ends project thesame way and be set the proper distance apart, and the double facingthus done by one in-feeding of the tools, and, in such case, the toolsmay be double ended, one end doing the rough facing and the other end ofthe tools doing the finishing. The system also permits of accurategaging for this class of double facing as it permits of the turretsbeing grooved to receive and hold the tools at an exact proper distanceapart to suit special work, special turrets being provided for specialwork, the turrets thus serving as tool-supports and as gages.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a lathe, the combination, substantiallyas set forth, of a chuck having an annular T- slotted rim projectinginwardly toward the tail-stock beyond the end of the lathe-arbor, andclamp-bolts engaging said slot.

2. In a lathe, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a saddle,a tool-rest, a crossfeed screw journaled in the tool rest, a nut forsaid screw fitted for endwise motion in the saddle, a form-plate securedto the slideway on which the saddle moves, and a lever pivoted to thesaddle and engaging said nut and form-plate.

3. In a lathe, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a saddle,a tool-rest, a crossfeed screw journaled in the tool-rest, anut for saidscrew fitted for endwise motion in the saddle, a form-plate secured tothe slideway on which the saddle moves, a lever pivoted to the saddleand engaging said nut and formplate, and a locking device, as a pin, toprevent the movement of said lever on its pivot.

4. In a lathe, the combination, substantially as set forth, of anannularly slotted tool-rest, a turret thereon, tool-clamping boltsdiametrically arranged in and engaging the slot of the tool-rest andpassing through the turret, and a pair of tools resting on the turretand straddling said bolts.

5. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a bed with two rails,a feed screwin each rail, a driving-shaft extending the length of thebed,gearingconnectingsaid shaft with the lathe-arbor, a cross-shaftgeared to the two rail-screws, a sh aft parallel with said drivingshaftand geared to said cross-shaft, and aligned pulleys on saiddriving-shaft and parallel shaft.

6. In alathe, the combination, substantially as set forth, ofsubstantially a V-shaped tailslide provided with apair of longitudinalT- slots disposed at an angle to each other and a tool-holder boltedthereto.

7. In alathe, the combination, substantially as set forth, of atail-slide provided with a pair of longitudinal T-slots disposed at anangle to each other, and a bushing-holder and tool-holder boltedthereto.

8. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a T-slotted slide,atool-holder thereon, a tool having an upward projection at its heel, atool-clamp over the tool, a bolt passing through said clamp andtool-holder and engaging the slot of the slide, and a pair of set-screwscarried by the tool-holder and engaging the opposite faces of thesaidtool-projection.

9. In alathe, the combination,substantially as set forth, of a socketedcross-girt in the bed of the lathe, a shanked rest having a verticalmovement carried by such socket, and a rest-piece fitted to slidehorizontally in such shanked rest. y 10. In a lathe, the combination,substantially asset forth, of a taper mandrel-socket in the inner end ofthe lathe-arbor, a mandrel adapted to fit said socket, and an axiallydisposed holding bolt connected directly to said mandrel, and atail-slide, and a bushing-holder bolted to the tail-slide.

11. In a lathe, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a hollowlathe-arbor, hav-' ing an axial bearing throughout the same, atail-slide, and a holder bolted to said tail-slide and adapted to carrythe tail end of a bor- Witnesses:

NICHOLAS CHARD, ALEXANDER D. OUNNY,

WIL IAM LODGE.

